T淋巴细胞亚群的早期活化对乙型肝炎疫苗接种后免疫应答的影响

The influence of early activation of T lymphocyte subsets on immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccination

目的探讨乙型肝炎疫苗接种后免疫应答与T淋巴细胞亚群活化的关系。方法采集18例乙型肝炎疫苗接种应答者、22例乙型肝炎疫苗接种无应答者、10例未接受乙型肝炎疫苗接种的健康对照者全血，用流式细胞术对其外周血单个核细胞的表面标志物CD69、CD4、CD8、CD3等进行检测。计算不同T淋巴细胞亚群百分比，并经f检验比较不同T淋巴细胞亚群CD69表达的差异。结果在应答者中，外周血激活型T辅助淋巴细胞（CD69＋CD4＋T淋巴细胞）数明显升高，而CD69＋CD8＋T淋巴细胞数则明显减少。应答者、无应答者、对照者外周血CD69＋CD4＋T淋巴细胞分别占CD4＋T淋巴细胞的（1．81±1．33）％、（O．64±0．48）％和（O．56±0．39）％，应答者分别与无应答者和对照者比较，差异均有统计学意义（t=3．444、3．940，均P〈0．01）。应答者、无应答者、对照者外周血CD69＋CD8＋T淋巴细胞分别占CD8＋T淋巴细胞的（0．43±0．25）％、（3．05i-1．69）％和（3．11±2．41）％，应答者分别与无应答者和对照者比较，差异均有统计学意义（t=7．997、5．944，均P〈0．01）。应答者、无应答者、对照者CD3＋CD4＋T淋巴细胞占CD3＋T淋巴细胞的百分比和CD3＋CD8＋T淋巴细胞占CD3＋T淋巴细胞的百分比比较差异均无统计学意义。结论乙型肝炎疫苗接种后无应答与Th细胞早期活化不足有关。

Objective To investigate the relationship between early activation of T lymphocyte subsets and immune responses to hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） vaccination. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 18 responders to HBsAg vaccination, 22 non-responders and 10 non immunized healthy controls. Thereafter, the expressions of CD69, CD4, CD8, CD3 on peripheral blood mononuclear cell （PBMC） were determined by flow cytometry. The percentages of different T lymphocyte subsets were calculated. The expressions of CD69 on CD4＋ and CD8＋ lymphocytes were compared among the 3 groups and analyzed by t test. Results CD69＋ CD4＋ T lyrnphocytes increased and CD69＋ CD8＋ T lymphocytes decreased in the responders to HBsAg vaccination. The percentages of CD69＋ CD4＋ T lymphocytes in CD4＋ T lymphocytes of responders, non-responders and controls were （1.81 ± 1.33）%, （0.64 ± 0.48）% and （0.56 ± 0.39）%, respectively. CD69 expression on CD4＋ T lymphocytes in responders was increased as compared to non-responders as well as controls （t=3.444 and 3.940, respectively; both P〈0. 01）. The percentage of CD69＋ CD8＋ T lymphocytes in CDS- T lymphocytes of responders was significantly lower than those of non-responders and controls [（0. 43±0. 25）% vs （3. 05±1. 69）% vs （3. 11± 2.41）% （t=7. 997 and 5. 944, respectively; both P±0. 01）. The percentages of CD3＋CD4＋ T Iymphocytes and CD3＋ CD8＋ T lymphocytes in responders, non-responders and controls were not statistically different. Conclusion Failure of early activation of helper T cells may contribute to non response to HBsAg vaccination.