流沙湾海域水产养殖结构与布局调查分析

Analysis on the aquaculture structure and distribution in the Liusha Bay sea area

本文对流沙湾水产养殖结构与布局进行了调查分析。结果表明,流沙湾水域养殖面积过大,占总面积的19.7%;养殖品种单一,贝类养殖面积占水域养殖面积的91.9%;贝类主要采用长桩式吊养模式,局部养殖密度大,导致海区流速减缓,水流不畅,养殖自身污染严重。近年来,流沙湾贝类养殖产量为22238吨,珍珠产量为18.5吨,占全国海水珍珠总产量的50%以上。分析认为应降低海湾养殖密度,调整养殖结构,合理规划养殖布局,实施海域有偿使用和养殖许可证制度,从而确保流沙湾水域生物资源可持续利用。

The aquaculture structure and distribution in the Liusha Bay area was investigated and analyzed. The result showed that the cultivation area was too large in the Liusha Bay area, accounting for 19.7% of the total area while the aquaculture species was single and shellfish area accounts for 91.9% of the total area; Shellfish are farmed in long-pile hanging culture model with high local stocking density which results in the slowdown rate while blocking of the area＇s flow and serious farming water pollution. In recent years, the shellfish output in Liusha Bay area is 22238t with the pearl output 18.5t, which accounts for more than 50% of the total output of national sea water pearl. In order to insure the sustainable utilization of biological resource in Liusha Bay area, stocking density should be lowered; cultivation structure should be regulated; farming distribution should be planned reasonably and culture license system should be put into practice with the paid use of sea area after analysis.