喹诺酮类药致老年人不良反应文献分析

Literature Analysis on ADR Induced by Quinolones in the Elderly

目的:了解喹诺酮类药致老年人不良反应发生的情况。方法:以"喹诺酮"、"沙星"为题名,检索《中国医院数字图书馆》2004～2009年中有关喹诺酮类药致老年人(≥60岁)不良反应的文献资料137篇,共173例,并按涉及药品种类、患者年龄、性别、给药途经、原患疾病、不良反应发生时间、累及系统及临床表现等进行统计分析。结果:引起不良反应的喹诺酮类药共有12种;以男性居多(63.01%);60～65岁老年人发生不良反应较多(30.06%);多表现为神经系统反应(33.53%)、变态反应(20.81%)、内分泌系统反应(17.34%),精神异常和癫痫是神经系统不良反应的主要表现(75.86%);死亡2例。结论:临床应重视喹诺酮类药在老年人中引起的不良反应,警惕严重不良反应(过敏性休克)的发生。

OBJECTIVE： To explore the status quo of ADR induced by quinolones in the elderly. METHODS： Retrieved from CNKI database with ＂quinolones＂ or ＂oxacin＂ as key words, 137 literatures about 173 ADR cases induced by quinolones in the elderly were statistically analyzed in respects of category of drugs, patients’ age and sex, route of administration, primary disease, occurrence time of ADR, organs and systems involved in ADR and clinical manifestation, etc. RESULTS： 12 kinds of quinolones were involved in ADR cases. 63.01% cases were male and 30.06% cases were the elderly （aged from 60 to 65）. Main ADR manifested nervous reaction （33.53%）, allergic reaction （20.81%） and pathoglycemia （17.34%）. The main clinical manifestations of ADR in the nervous system were abnormal mental status and epilepsy （75.86%）. Two cases were dead. CONCLUSION： Great importance should be attached to the ADR induced by quinolones in the elderly and occurrence of severe ADR （anaphylactic shock）.