社区中老年高血压患者常见不适症状与病程关系的初步调查

A preliminary study on the relationship between common symptoms and illness courses in middle and old age hypertensive patients in communities

目的:探讨社区中老年高血压患者常见不适症状的分布情况及与病程的关系。方法:对51～85岁社区确诊的高血压患者545例和非高血压患者476例采用体质问卷调查,并将患高血压的病程分为4个阶段,对不同病程常见不适症状的资料进行统计分析。结果:(1)高血压患者平和质人群较非高血压者明显减少,两组间差异有显著性(P<0.001),病理体质以痰湿质、气血虚质为主,与非高血压组之间差异有显著性(P<0.001);(2)便秘、腰腿酸痛、口干、失眠位居高血压患者常见症状的前4位,分别占总例数的43.30%,58.90%,40.18%,50.46%;(3)平和质发生率随病程的增加而减少,其中病程在0～5年者以失眠居多,发生率为61.86%;病程在6～10年以口干者居多,发生率为61.84%;病程在11～15年以腰腿酸痛占主要,发生率76.16%;病程超过15年者以便秘居多,发生率61.29%。病程与以上症状均有相关性(P<0.05)。结论:社区中老年高血压平和质人群随病程的增长而减少,以失眠、口干、腰腿酸痛、便秘为其常见不适症状,并随着病程的增加,依次占各病程段的最主要不适症状。为以后在诊治高血压时根据患者病程改善相关不适症状、调整体质,为能否更好的调控血压提供一定的指导基础。

Objective To investigate the distribution of common accompanied symptoms, and to analyze the relationship between common symptoms and illness courses in middle and old age hypertensive patients in Yuexiu communities. Method According to the standard constitution in chinese medicine, 545 hypertensive people and 476 non-hypertension people （age 51-85） were investigated. The hypertension illness course was clustered into 4 phases, and the distribution of the uncomfortable symptoms was studied in different illness courses. Result ①There is a significant difference in Pinghe constitution between the hypertension group and non-hypertension group （P 〈 0.001）. The longer illness course of hypertension, the less ratio for Pinghe people in the hypertensive people, meanwhile, QIxu,Tanshi are the main constitutions in the hypertension group, with significant differences between these two groups （P〈 0.001） ②Constipation,Waist-Leg pain,insomnia.xerostomia are the forefront common symptoms（43.30%, 58.90% ,40.18% and 50.46%, respectively） in hypertensive people. ③Amonge the four stages of hypertension, the most common symptom is xcrostomia （ 61.86% ）, insomnia （61.84% ）, Waist-Leg pain （ 76.16% ） and constipation （61.29%）, respectively. Conclusions The forefront common symptoms of hypertensive patients are xerostomia, insomnia, Waist-Leg pain and constipation, which are respectively the main symptoms in different illness stage. It can be respected that we can control hypertension more better if we can reduce the uncomfortable symptoms of hypertensive people and improve their living qualities.