上海市1950～1997年百日咳流行病学和免疫学效果分析

Epidemiological Analysis and Immunological Surveillance of Pertussis in Shanghai in 1950～1997

上海市的百日咳发病率曾经高达1150．16／10万，使用百白破混合制剂（DPT）免疫及全程免疫接种率提高至90％后，使发病得到了有效控制．DPT的免疫学效果观察显示．免疫后较免疫前抗体增长40倍以上，阳转率和达保护抗体水平率分别高至90％和85％，吸附DPT的保护率约为96％．由此可见，有效的疫苗和高质量的免疫接种是控制百日咳流行的关键措施。

Morbidity of pertussis had been increasing significantly. When the immunization coverage rate of DPT was raised to more than 90% from 1980s to 1990s, the pertussis was effectively controlled. The immunological surveillance of DPT showed a perfectly effective antibody response of post-vaccination which increased 40 times higher than that of pre-vaccination, the positive seroconversion rate was more than 90% and the rate of GMT ≥1:320 was more than 85%. The protective rate of absorbed DPT vaccine was 96.64%. This indicates that a vaccine together with a high quality vaccenation are the most important measures for controlling pertussis.