广西壮族自治区和甘肃省计划免疫供方计划免疫知识　态度　行为(KAP)的调查研究

A Knowledge, Attitude and Practice(KAP) Survey of EPI Providers in Guangxi and Gansu Provinces

于1997年7月调查了广西壮族自治区和甘肃省的县、乡、村三级计划免疫工作者（供方）637人，就计划免疫知识、态度和行为（KAP）问题进行了自填表和调查员询问填表方式的调查．结果表明：基层计划免疫工作人员对于接种禁忌症、疫苗的贮存温度及疫苗在冷藏包的存放要求知识掌握不全面；县级28％的计划免疫工作人员对脊髓灰质炎疫苗长期保存温度回答不正确；对于新生儿破伤风的预防等较新的知识更加欠缺，接种者对“新生儿预防接种可否预防新生儿破伤风”约有72％回答不正确。计划免疫工作人员对本职工作主要反映是工资待遇低，工作辛苦，工作条件差。由于知识或其它一些社会因素，对于低烧、腹泻、咳嗽等病征时，相当部分接种者对接种采取一种不积极的行为．提示我们今后要提高计划免疫队伍的素质，从行政角度要提高计划免疫工作人员的待遇，提供有利于开展计划免疫工作的政策和条件．加强对基层防保人员培训和再教育的力度和效果，对条件差、计划免疫工作薄弱地区更应加强重视．

In order to improve the quality of Expanded Programm on Immunization(EPI)service in provinces receiving the World Bank Loan(Health Ⅶ), a KAP survey was conducted in July 1997. 637 EPI staff were investigated from selected counties, townships and villages.The questionnaires concerning knowledge, attitude and practice of EPI were inquired. The survey revealed that the grass-roots level EPI staff knew not very well about the knowledge of vaCCination contraindications, storage temperature of vaccines and the requirements of vaccine storage in vaccine carriers. Of the county level, 28% of EPI staff did not know the temperature for long-term storage of OPV. Abode 72% of the staff could not answer the question"does neonate Immunization prevent from neonatal tetanus?" correctly. When presented with low grade of fever, diarrhea and cough, the targeted children were very often dropped out. Additionally, the KAP of the staff appeared to be negatively influenced by overworking,less payment and poor working facilities which needs to be improved, especially in poor and remote areas.