开设妊娠期糖尿病护理专科门诊的实践与体会

目的探讨开设妊娠期糖尿病护理专科门诊的方法和效果。方法对在本院妊娠期糖尿病护理专科门诊就诊的133例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇给予饮食指导、心理调适、运动指导等健康教育。结果 133例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇中,已分娩47例,其中45例(95.7%)分娩前空腹血糖及餐后2h血糖达到正常。羊水过多2例(4.3%)、巨大儿2例(4.3%)和早产儿4例(8.5%),无1例发生新生儿畸形及新生儿窘迫综合征。结论开设妊娠期糖尿病护理专科门诊可较好地控制妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的血糖浓度,降低了妊娠期孕妇合并症及新生儿并发症的发生率;妊娠期糖尿病护理专科门诊应与社区紧密结合起来,进一步完善妊娠期糖尿病高危人群的管理,降低妊娠期糖尿病的发生率。

Objective To research into experience in developing nursing clinic service for gestational diabetes. Method 133 gestational diabetics in the nursing special clinic were given health education including dietary guidance, psychological adjustment, physical exercise guidance. Results For all the 133 cases, 45 out of 47 having given birth achieved a normal level of blood glucose for PTB fasting blood glucose and 2h after meal （95.7%）, 2 developed with polyhydramnios （4.3%）, 2 gave birth to huge children （4.3%） and 4 to premature children （8.5%）, and no case developed with neonatal malformations and neonatal distress syndrome. Conclusions The specialist nursing clinic for gestational diabetes helps the gestational diabetics to control blood glucose level and so reduces maternal complications of pregnancy and the occurrence of neonatal complications. It is necessary to integrate the nursing gestational diabetes specialist clinic service with the community clinic service so as to further improve the management of high-risk group of gestational diabetes and reduce the incidence of diabetes.