西方政府规制理论的发展及启示

Development of Western Government Regulation Theory and Its Inspiration for China

政府规制发轫于19世纪中后期,其逻辑起点是修正市场机制的结构性缺陷,纠正市场失灵现象,避免市场经济可能给社会带来的弊端。但是,如同市场失灵一样,政府规制也存在着失灵问题。回顾20世纪以来的西方政府规制研究,先后形成了公共利益规制理论、部门利益规制理论、放松规制理论和激励性规制理论等流派。西方国家政府规制理论和实践对我国建立社会主义市场经济有一定的启示与借鉴意义。

Government regulation began in the late 19th century,which aimed to correct the structural defects of market mechanism and market failures as well as to avoid the defects brought about by market economy to the whole society.Government regulation,however,the same as market would,would also fail.In retrospect,the researches on government regulation since the 20th century in the west,had formed the public interest theory of regulation,sectional interest theory of regulation,deregulation theory and incentive regulation theory.There are much of inspiration and reference of government regulation theory and practice in Western countries to the establishment of socialist market economy in China.