七株黄瓜内生真菌对南方根结线虫二龄幼虫的不同作用

Activities of Seven Fungal Endophytes from Cucumber Plants to the Second Stage Juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita

本文研究了7株黄瓜内生真菌对南方根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita的不同作用方式。结果表明,枝顶孢Acremonium sp.菌株Ac985、毛壳菌Chaetomium sp.菌株Ch1001和拟青霉Paecilomyces sp.菌株Pa972的PDB培养滤液对南方根结线虫J2具有致死作用,48h暴露后致死率分别达到100%、98.5%和100%;叶点霉Phyllosticta sp.菌株Ph511培养滤液对J2具有击倒作用,但击倒的虫体在清水中能恢复活性。木霉Trichoderma sp.菌株Tr882和菌株Ac985、Ch1001的培养滤液对J2的活动有趋避作用。镰刀菌Fusarium spp.菌株Fu234、Fu654和菌株Pa972、Ch1001、Ph511的菌丝可以穿透J2体壁并消化虫体。Ch1001、Fu654、Ph511三菌株孢子悬浮液处理黄瓜种子后,能诱导黄瓜萌发的主根对J2从其根尖伸长区穿透的抗性。

Different activities of seven fungal endophytes from cucumber plants to second stage juveniles（J2） of Meloidogyne incognita were studied.The culture filtrates of the strains Ac985（Acremonium sp.）,Ch1001（Chaetomium sp.） and Pa972（Paecilomyces sp.） were lethal to J2.After 48 h exposure,the mortality rate reached 100%,98.5% and 100%,respectively.The J2 in the culture filtrate of Pa511（Phyllosticta sp.） became inactive immediately after exposure,but the activity was recovered in water.The culture filtrate of Tr882（Trichoderma sp.）,Ac985 and Ch1001 were repellent to J2.The mycelium of Fu234,Fu654（both were Fusarium spp.）,Pa972,Ch1001 and Ph511 could penetrate the body wall of J2 and digest J2.Ch1001,Fu654,Ph511 induced the resistance of the root tip of cucumber toward the J2 penetration.All the seven fungal endophytes of cucumber plants are potential for biological control of M.incognita.