游离于报应与威慑之外:犯罪学视角下刑罚理论的迷失

Floating beyond the Retribution and Deterrence:A Lost Punitive Theory under the Perspective of Criminology

如果从犯罪学的视角,审视刑罚理论的发展及以西方为代表的刑罚政策的演进,会发现过去长期遵循以报应——威慑论为基础的刑罚理论,无论其内在的价值体系还是实践中的刑罚运用,都已经趋势背离了这一基础。究其原因,除了经典刑罚理论自身的缺陷之外,刑罚矫正理念的实践在前,以成本——收益为考量的经济机制的渗透在后,均直接导致刑罚核心价值的迷失。通过对原因与现象的分析,探讨以赎罪理念为核心的刑罚价值回归之于我国刑事政策发展的意义。

If we survey the development of punitive theory and western punitive policies under the perspective of criminology, we may come to a conclusion that the punitive theory, in value or practice, has been divorced from the retribution and deterrence theory, which it was adhered to as a foundation long before. Besides the inherent defect of classic punitive theories, the using of correction theory in penalty practice and the infiltration of the economic mechanism under the consideration of cost-benefit have been directly brought about the lost of core value in punitive theory. By analyzing such causal relations and phenomenon, we may discover the significance of the convergence of expiation as a core value in our nation＇s criminal and punitive policy research.