城市快速路公交停靠站与出入口的最小间距研究

Minimum Spacing Between Bus Station and Entrance/Exit on Urban Expressway

公交停靠站与出入口的相对位置关系是快速路公交优先设计中的重要内容。将出入口分为公交出入口、非公交出入口,将停靠站分为路边型停靠站、路中型停靠站,解析了两类出入口与两类停靠站相互影响的机理,得到了停靠站与出入口的最小间距应该满足的条件。基于运动学原理、交通波动理论、概率论等知识建立了最小间距的计算模型,并利用蒙特卡罗等方法求解模型。利用天津市快速路大量的实测数据给出计算实例,验证了模型的可用性。

The position relationship between bus station and entrance/exit is of much importance in urban expressway transit-priority design.Firstly,the entrance/exit is divided into two categories： entrance/exit with buses entering/exiting the expressway and entrance/exit without buses entering/exiting.Similarly,bus station falls into tow types：roadside bus station and median bus station.Moreover,the mechanism of mutual effects between entrance/exit and bus station of different types is resolved.Then,requirements for the minimum spacing between the tow are obtained.After that,based on kinematics theory,traffic flow theory and probability theory,the calculation models of minimum spacing between the tow are established by using Monte Carlo methods for solving models.Finally,examples are given based on huge amounts of field data collected on urban expressway in Tianjin to verify the availability of models.