北京市驾驶行为与影响因素分析

Driving Behavior and Influential Factors Study in Beijing

研究北京市驾驶行为的特征及其影响因素。对曼彻斯特驾驶行为问卷进行修订,考虑多种因素对驾驶行为的影响,对135名北京市汽车驾驶者进行问卷调查。经因子分析,得到5个驾驶行为因子分别是"错误"、"失误"、"非故意违规"、"故意违规"和"过激行为",符合预期的因子结构。对驾驶行为的各类影响因素进行方差分析,结果表明与驾驶行为紧密相关的影响因素主要是驾驶者的自我评价和态度,如驾驶者对自己是否易受情绪影响的评价和对交通法规的态度等。驾驶培训经历,包括驾驶培训的地点和驾驶培训的时间跨度,也对驾驶行为存在一定影响。性别、年龄等其他因素对驾驶行为的影响相对较小。与西方男家相比,中国汽车化历史较短,驾驶行为具有不同的特点。

This paper investigates driving behavior and its influential factors.Based on the redacted Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire in which the possible influencing factors were considered,a survey was conducted in Beijing involving 135 car drivers.Data analysis found out that driving behavior in Beijing can be characterized in five categories：＂errors＂,＂lapses＂,＂unintentional violations＂,＂deliberate violations＂,and ＂emotional aggravations＂.ANOVA study found out that the foremost influencing factor of driving behavior is the driver＇s self-assessment： driver＇s mood status（able to concentrate？） and attitude towards driving（willing to obey traffic law？）.Driver training and education experience（DTE）,such as where and when DTE took place,were also found out to influence driving behavior to some extent and this has not been reported in precious studies.On the other hand,gender,age,and other related factors were found out to have little influence.Motorization in China＇s urban cities has a relatively short history,which may explain the different driving behaviors in Beijing from those in the West.