短季棉生育进程、皮棉产量与积温、光照的关系

Relationship between Development and Lint Yield of Short-Season Cotton and Accumulated Temperature and Light

以中棉所１６号为试验材料，经三年试验，研究短季棉在不同年际间气温、光照条件的差异及对生育进程和皮棉产量的影响。结果表明，同一品种不同年际间气温不同，各生育阶段和全生育期的长短差别很大，但所需积温基本一致。生育进程的快慢主要取决于积温，光照无明显的直接影响。同为富光照年，高温年比低温年产量高。在适宜范围内提高温度，对促进光合作用，增加皮棉产量有一定影响，尤其能提早成熟。根据品种对积温的需求，结合当地的气候条件，科学调控棉花的开花结铃期，是实现短季棉高产、稳产、早熟的有效途径。

The effect of temperature and light on development and lint yield of short-season cotton variety Zhongmiansuo16 was studied within three years.The result showed that for a same cotton variety,its various growing stages and whole growing period vary in different year with different temperature,but it needs same accumulated temperature.The growing speed depends on accumulated temperature,but light has little effect on them.In the year with plenty of light,the higher temperature the higher the lint yield.In the range of adapted temperature,higher temperature can improve photosynthesis,increase yield and especially promote maturing in advance.For a short-season cotton variety,its blooming and bolting period should be regulated according to its request for accumulated temperature and climate conditions in order to get high and stable yield and promote maturing early.