阅读困难者短时记忆缺陷原因探析

On the Cause for the Short-term Memory Deficit from Dyslexics

为了探讨汉语阅读困难和普通儿童短时记忆缺陷的原因,本研究从北京13个小学筛选出阅读困难儿童并配以相当数量的正常阅读儿童参加数字、汉字短时记忆及阅读测试。方差分析和分层回归分析表明阅读困难者短时记忆显著落后于普通读者,短时记忆的缺陷存在于记忆容量和提取效率上,且受阅读能力的影响。

To probe into the cause for Chinese-language dyslexia and the short-term memory deficit from normal children,this article selected from 13 primary schools in Beijing some children with dyslexia and a certain number of normal children,all of whom took the tests involving numbers,the short-term memory（STM） of Chinese characters,and the reading ability.Statistic methods of MANOVA and hierarchical regression were used for data analysis.According to the findings,children with dyslexia are significantly impaired in their short-term memory;their short-term memory deficit derives from impaired capacity and retrieval efficiency,and is mediated by their reading ability.