参加灾害救援医护人员的应急减灾与灾后备灾现状调查

Investigation of Emergency Management and Disaster Reduction Preparation of Medical Professionals in the Medical Rescues

目的:了解参与"5.12"四川大地震救援医护人员的应急减灾与备灾现状,为促进备灾教育和备灾行为提供参考依据。方法:用自行设计的调查表,对参加四川大地震医疗救援的223名医护人员及其所在医疗机构的应急减灾与备灾情况等进行调查。结果:本调查中的全体医护人员所在医疗机构地震发生时均采取了积极的应急减灾处理,成功地履行了医护人员救死扶伤的神圣使命。经历大地震后,95.1%～83.9%医护人员所在医疗机构对急救减灾对策、物资应急供应装备与后勤保障方面的备灾措施进行了加强与完善,但信息畅通的保障与备灾行动的落实方面尚存在不足;85.7%～64.6%医护人员所在医疗机构建立或完善了相关备灾规章制度与指南。结论:经历"5.12"大地震后,医疗机构在应急救治能力的储备、救援人员的反应力与意识、信息畅通、物资供应保障等方面具有了一定的备灾基础,同时也提示了对于促进备灾教育和备灾行动的落实以及进一步完善相关制度/手册的必要性和迫切性。

Objective： To understand the current status of emergency management and disaster reduction preparation of medical professionals who participated in the medical rescues in 5·12 Sichuan earthquake.To provide the best evidence for improving disaster reduction preparation education and behavior.Methods： By using the self-designed questionnaire,the cross-sectional survey was conducted for 230 medical professionals and their corresponding medical institutions who had participated in the medical rescues in 5·12 Sichuan earthquake in 2008.Information on their medical establishments for emergency managements and disaster reduction preparations in the earthquake were collected systematically.Results： All medical professionals and their institutions had actively made emergency managements and disaster reduction preparations in the major earthquake.They have fulfilled the sacred mission as medical professionals and institutions.The rate of improvement for emergency measures,medical supplements and services was from 95.1% to 83.9% in the medical establishments after the major earthquake.However,it was still insufficient in maintaining smooth information and executing the measures for disaster reduction preparation.The rate of improvement for the standardized regulations and guidelines of disaster reduction preparation from 85.7% to 64.6% in the medical establishments.Conclusion： After the earthquake,the medical establishments had some bases for disaster reduction preparations including emergency measures,medical supplements and services,and maintenance of smooth information.The improvement of education and execution on disaster reduction preparations with the corresponding standardized regulations and guidelines is definitely required in the future.