旅游干扰对喀纳斯自然保护区植物群落的影响

Effects of Tourist Disturbance on Community in Kanas Nature Reserve

研究不同强度旅游干扰对喀纳斯自然保护区西伯利亚云杉(Picea obovata)林、草甸群落和金露梅(Poten-tilla fruticosa)灌丛的群落物种组成、物种多样性以及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:(1)在不同强度干扰下,云杉林中灌木层与草本层物种组成存在较大差别,随着干扰强度的增大,群落物种多样性呈先上升后下降的变化;(2)草甸群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数随干扰强度的增大有下降趋势,土壤理化性质也受到了影响;(3)围栏内外两个金露梅灌丛群落在不同的干扰强度下,群落优势度和均匀度具有显著差异(P<0.05),土壤理化性质也存在显著差异。土壤理化性质的改变在一定程度上也改变了群落的物种多样性。

The different disturbance of tourism on the species composition,species diversity and soil in the Picea obovata communities,grassland and Potentilla fruticosa communities in Kanas Nature Reserve were studied.The results showed that the species composition of the shrub layer and herb layer were different on the different tourist disturbance in the P.obovata communities,and finally the species diversity was lower as the disturbance increasing,the plant diversity of community increases by the middle degree of tourist disturbance;The Shannon-Wiener diversity index（H） was trending down and the physicochemical factors of soil were affected as the disturbance increasing in grassland.In different P.fruticosa communities,the different disturbance caused the different Simpson index（D） and Pielou index（Jd）,and the soil was also affected.To some extent the changes of physicochemical factors of soil influenced the species diversity of communities.