基于北京一号小卫星的北京及周边五大流域地表水资源监测与分析

Surface Water Detection and Analysis in Five Basins in Beijing and Its Surrounding Regions Based on Beijing-1 Small Satellite Data

地表水作为水资源的重要组成部分,能从特定角度反映水资源状况。研究了基于北京一号小卫星影像的地表水体分类标准、水信息提取方法,并对2007年北京及周边五大流域地表水资源进行了动态监测,同时结合气象水文数据分析其时空分布规律、年内变化特征和变化原因。研究表明:①利用北京一号小卫星32 m多光谱影像辅以4 m全色影像,基于面向对象分类等方法可以较准确地提取各类地表水信息;②2007年北京及周边五大流域地表水资源变化特征与该区域2007年平均降水量、降水量的年内变化以及水库调蓄等有关。

As an important composition of water resources,surface water can reflect the situation of water resources in certain degree.Firstly,using Beijing-1 small satellite data surface water classification standard and its extraction method were studied and surface water resources in Five Basins of Beijing and its surrounding regions in 2007 was detected,secondly its temporal and spatial distributions rules,annual variance characteristics and variance reasons were analyzed with meteorological and hydrological data.The results are as follows： ① Surface water information can be well extracted using Beijing-1 multi-spectral data with panchromatic data.② The surface water change characteristic in Five Basins of Beijing and its surrounding regions in 2007 was related to the average precipitation in 2007,the annual precipitation variance and reservoir regulation and storage and so on.