青花菜自交不亲和特性的荧光鉴定

Effective Identification of Self-incompatibility in Brassica oleracea var.italica with Fluorescent Observation

利用亲和指数和荧光显微测定法对青花菜高代自交材料进行自交不亲和特性的快速鉴定。利用蕾期和花期授粉进行亲和指数测定。荧光显微观察发现自交亲和材料与不亲和材料蕾期授粉花粉能够正常萌发,花粉管穿越柱头乳突细胞到达子房完成授粉受精过程;自交不亲和材料花期授粉后花粉与柱头乳突细胞表面发生强烈胼胝质反应,花粉在柱头上不能萌发,即使有少量萌发,其花粉管生长也不正常,最终不能伸入柱头。荧光显微观察法结果准确、方便,受外界环境条件影响较小,且与亲和指数法鉴定结果相一致,可有效应用于青花菜自交不亲和特性的快速鉴定,从而加速新品种选育进程。

The self-incompatibility （SI） in advanced inbred lines of Brassica oleracea var.italica Plenck was identified with the compatible index method and fluoroscope observation. The compatible index was tested with bud and flowering pollination. Most pollen grains of selfing in self-incompatible at bud stage and in self-compatible individuals at both bud and floral stages could germinate normally, and the pollen tubes penetrated into the stigmas and finally succeeded in reaching to the ovary to accomplish fertilization. While selfing at anthesis, few pollen grains in self-incompatible individuals could germinate in the stigma whose surface produced serious callous reaction, and few germinated pollen grains could not grow normally and fail to penetrate into the stigma. The fluoroscope observation, being in high accordance with the results of the compatible index, was convenient and accurate without effecting by surroundings, and could be applied in self-incompatibility identification effectively to accelerate the process of self-incompatibility utilization in B.oleracea var.italica Plenck breeding program.