天津不同盐生境对瑞典能源柳无性系生长发育状况的影响

Impact of Different Salinity Habitats on the Growth of Energy Willow Clones in Tianjin

以瑞典能源柳2(Salix dasyclados)、能源柳4(S.‘'Mesu Neko’)、能源柳C(S.fragilis)和能源柳E(S.viminalis)一年生幼苗为研究对象,通过对不同能源柳无性系在天津蓟县国营苗圃、天津津南高新科技园苗圃、天津农学院苗圃生长状况的观测以及通过盐分梯度盆栽实验测定不同盐生境下不同能源柳无性系的生长状况,筛选出最适合天津地区生长的能源柳无性系。研究结果表明:各能源柳无性系均能在天津蓟县、津南和农学院正常生长,完成一年生活史,并且在蓟县生长状况最好。与旱柳(S.matsudana)相比,4个能源柳无性系在土壤含盐量为0～0.4%的土壤中都能良好生长,其中能源柳4和能源柳C的耐盐潜力更大,可在土壤含盐量为0.6%的土壤中正常生长。这说明4个能源柳无性系均可在天津中、轻度盐渍化地区栽培。

Four energy willow clones Salix dasyclados, S.‘Mesu Neko’, S.fragilis, S.viminalis and one wild clone S.matsudana were investigated in this study. These clones were grown in Jixian state-owned nursery, Jinnan High-tec Park nursery and Tianjin Agriculture University nursery, respectively. Meanwhile, clones were planted in separated pots at gradient salinity in soil by watering NaCl solutions at different concentrations, making the salinity in soil differed （0%,0.2%,0.4%,0.6%, 0.8%）. Both the growth of the clones growing in these three nurseries and in the pots with gradient salinity were observed and surveyed to determine the optimal habitat for the clones in Tianjin. The results indicated that all the energy willow clones could finish the annual life cycle and grow well in three nurseries of different areas, but grew the best in Jixian. Comparing to S.matsudana,all four energy willow clones could grow well in the soil with 0~0.4% salinity. S.matsudana and S.fragilis had greater potential than the other two, as they could grow in the soil with 0.6% salinity. In conclusion, all the four energy willow clones could be grown in the light or moderate salinity areas in Tianjin.