论规章制定中听证程序的完善

The Improvement of Hearing Procedure in Rule-making

《规章制定程序条例》第14条确定了规章制定中的听证程序,但听证程序的适用范围、法律依据、法理内涵等都没有一个清晰的界定从而导致规章制定中听证程序极其不完善。基于此种现实我们对该问题作了较为系统的探讨,认为目前我国规章制定中听证程序在程序适用范围上的瑕疵是规章规制事项的有限适用、程序主体上的瑕疵是行政系统起主导作用、程序效力上的瑕疵是软约束力。因此,我国规章制定中听证程序必须符合下列要件:听证程序典则的法形式性、听证程序适用范围的普遍性、听证程序定位的正当程序性、听证程序效力的法强制性。

Article 14 of Regulation on Rule-making Procedures determines the hearing procedure in rulemaking, but its applicable scope, legal basis and connotations do not enjoy a clear definition which causes rule -making procedure extremely imperfect in hearing, on the basis of which, regarding issues are being discussed systematically, the article asserts that the defects in applicable scope of procedure in hearing procedure is the limited application of regulating matters, the defects in the subject of procedures lies in the leading role of administrative system, those of the procedural effectiveness flaws is of soft binding. Therefore, the rule - making of hearing procedure is to meet the following requirements ： the legal form of hearing procedure rules, the generality of the application scope, the due process of proper positioning and the legal mandatory effectiveness of hearing procedure.