人类活动对北京东灵山地区景观格局影响分析

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACTS OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON LANDSCAPE PATTERNS IN DONGLING MO UNTAIN AREA OF BEIJING

干扰改变景观格局，同时又受景观格局的影响，干扰是景观异质性的一个主要来源。应用ＩＬＷＩＳ地理信息系统，以１∶２００００植被图为基础，结合野外考察，分析了北京东灵山地区森林景观空间格局，采用缓冲区分析方法，研究了人类活动对该地区森林景观格局的影响。研究结果表明，在东灵山地区，人类活动的强弱与景观的破碎化表现出一定的相关性。人类作用强的地区斑块面积较小，作用弱的地区斑块面积较大，人类的活动对该地区的景观破碎化产生了明显的影响。随着距所选择的干扰区的远近，几个景观多样性指数没有表现出有规律的大小变化。虽然该地区人类活动有愈来愈强的趋势，但目前决定该地区景观空间格局的因子主要还是自然要素，人类活动虽然也对该区的景观格局产生了一定的影响。

The disturbance,which is the major source of landscape heterogeneity,c an change the landscape pattern and also be affected by the landscape pattern.In this paper ILWIS GIS is used to analyze the forest landscape patterns in Dongli ng mountain area in Beijing.The study is based on the 1∶20 000 scale vegetation map while in combination with field research.The buffer analysis method is used to study the impacts of human activities on forest landscape patterns of th is area. The results indicate that: (a) In Dongling mountain area,the intensity of human activities is to some extent relat ive to the landscape fragmentation.In places with high intensity of human activi ties,the area of the patch is relatively smaller; while in places with low inten sity of human activities,the area of the patch is relatively larger.The human ac tivities obviously contribute to the landscape fragmentation.(b)With changes of the distance from the selected disturbed area,the indices of landscape diversit y show no regular change.In spite of the enhancement of human activities in this area,natural factors are still the decisive ones to the landscape patterns at p resent.Human activities only affect the landscape patterns but not decide it.