准确理解中国经济统计

An Accurate Understanding of China’s Economic Statistics

本文一是针对部分学者对中国支出法GDP核算结果的质疑,阐述了一些常用经济统计指标与支出法GDP相应构成项目之间在内涵和2009年数据表现上的区别,包括社会消费品零售总额与居民消费之间,财政支出与政府消费之间,全社会固定资产投资与固定资本形成总额之间,存货与存货增加之间,海关统计的贸易差额与货物和服务净出口之间的区别;二是针对部分学者对中国经济统计方法的质疑,阐述了生产法GDP增长率与支出法GDP增长率理论上的一致性和实际数据表现上的匹配性,公共建设工程项目投资以什么方式对GDP增长做出贡献,社会消费品零售总额的基本统计原则等。

In response to some scholars＇ doubts on estimates of China＇ s expenditure-based GDP, this paper first elaborates the differences between some common economic statistical indicators and their corresponding components of expenditure-based GDP from the aspects of connotation and data performance in 2009, including the differences between total retail sales of consumer goods and household consumption, fiscal expenditures and government consumption, total fixed-asset investment and gross fixed capital formation, inventories and change in inventory, and balances on foreign trade by Customs statistics and the net exports of goods and services. Second, in response to some scholars＇ criticism on methodology of China＇ s economic statistics, it further elaborates the conceptual consistency and the match of data performance between production-based GDP growth rates and expenditure-based GDP growth rates, how infrastructure investments contributing to GDP growth, the basic statistical principle for total retail sales of consumer goods, and so on.