风力机柔性叶片的仿生设计与性能

Bionic design and performance study for flexible blades of wind turbine

基于植物叶脉中轴对称结构的增强机理,提出了一种仿中轴图式拓扑结构的风力机柔性叶片设计方法,以20kW风力机叶片为研究对象,采用实验测定和数值模拟的手段,从叶片失速特性和风能利用效率的角度对仿生设计叶片的柔性进行了研究。结果表明,仿生物中轴设计的叶片在极端风速下具有较低的内部载荷,桨叶失速状态下的柔性较强,能够明显拓宽风力机的正常运行风速范围,提高风能的利用效率。

Based on the enhancing mechanism of the symmetri- cal medial axis pattern of plant leaf, a design method that simulates the topological structure for the flexible blade of the wind tttrbine is proposed. Taking the blades of 20 kW wind turbine as the research object, and using the approaches of experimental determination and value simulation, the study on the flexibility of the bonic design blades is carried out from the point view of blade stall feature and wind energy utilization efficiency. The result shows that the medial axis blade with bonic design has much lower internal load under the extreme wind speed condition, the flexibility in case of blade stall is much stronger. Therefore, the range of normal operating wind speed has been widened significantly, improving the utilization efficiency of the wind energy.