文化遗产保护和社区参与研究——以高昌故城为例

Research of Protection of Cultural Heritage and Community Participation——taking the Ancient City of Gaochang as example

高昌故城是我国古代中原地区与西方世界经济文化交流的枢纽,19世纪末至20世纪初西方探险家在此收集资料、挖掘文物,高昌故城受到国际学术界的重视和研究。本文结合实地调研和考古笔记等资料,梳理了近一个世纪以来高昌故城及毗邻村庄阔纳协海尔村的历史变迁,综合分析了高昌故城保护与利用过程中社区(居民)与遗址之间动态的互动关系。认为文化遗产保护应注重社区参与,将文化遗产与遗产地社区利益主体纳入整体研究视野,不断调整二者之间的关系,从而达到文化遗产与遗产地区社区(居民)的"双利共生"状态。

The Ancient City of Gaochang is the hub of economic and cultural exchange between Central Plains and the Western world in ancient China. From the late 19th century to the early 20th century,Western explorers collected information and mining relics here hence the Ancient City of Gaochang was attended highly and researched by international academic world. The paper,based on field survey and archaeological notes, sorted out the historical changes of Ancient City of Gaochang and Kuona Xiehaier village during nearly a hundred years and made a comprehensive analysis of the interactive relationship between community （residents） and the relics in the course of protecting and using of the Ancient City of Gaochang. This paper argues that cultural heritage protection should focus on community participation,cultural heritage and main benefit body of heritage sites should be put into the overall research vision,and the relationship between the two should be constantly adjusted to achieve ＂double benefit and flourish＂ between the cultural heritage and the Heritage Area communities （residents）.