90年代末以来中国农村小学撤并的深层次影响

Deep Influence of China's Rural Primary Schools' Mergers since the End of 1990s

乡村小学对农村发展具有特殊重要意义。20世纪90年代末以来我国大规模合并裁撤农村中小学,虽然在财政上具有集中办学的规模效应,有利于改善学校现代化办学水平,但也存在诸如强化"离农"教育、伤害农村儿童健康成长、削弱农村文化的再造能力、忽视学校在提升乡村政治文明中的作用等不良影响。因此,有必要消除片面追求办学规模效益思想的不良影响,在保证农村学生能普遍接受较高质量的义务教育的前提下,尽可能多地保留农村小学,加强建设,发挥其在新农村建设中的积极作用。

Rural primary schools are very meaningful for rural development and reformation. Though China＇s large-scale mergers of the rural primary and secondary schools since the end of 1990s has scale effects in finance and it is good to improve modern school-running level, there may exist such phenomena as rural elite＇s being away from the rural environment, doing harm to rural children＇ health, weakening recycling capacity of rural culture and ignoring rural schools＇ role in political civilization. Therefore, it is necessary to get rid of one-sided pursuit of scale＇s negative influences in running a school. Based on the premise that students in rural areas could accept higher quality of compulsory education, the rural schools should be maintained as many as possible.