秦岭川金丝猴雌性携抱偏好与婴儿吸乳偏好

Maternal cradling laterality and neonate nipple preference in the Sichuan snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus roxellana) in Qinling Mountains

为了揭示婴儿吸乳偏好以及母猴携抱偏好发育过程,对具有不同生育背景的出生一周的婴儿吸乳偏好和母亲携抱偏好进行了研究。采用扫描取样法,对32对母婴(7个初次生育雌性及其婴儿,25个多次生育雌性及其婴儿)的雌性携抱婴猴偏好行为,及其婴猴的吸乳偏好行为进行了记录。经对比和相关分析检验,结果显示,初次生育雌性的婴儿在吸乳时出现群体水平上的左侧偏好(t(6)=-3.731,P=0.010),再次生育雌性的婴儿没有出现群体水平的吸乳偏好(t(24)=0.854,P=0.402);初次生育的雌性会出现群体水平上的左侧携抱偏好(t(6)=-3.890,P=0.008),再次生育的雌性没有群体水平的偏好方向存在(t(24)=1.955,P=0.062);同母婴儿绝大部分(8/9)会出现相反方向的吸乳偏好(N1=8,N2=1,P=0.039)。这表明,再次生育经历会影响秦岭川金丝猴新生婴儿的吸乳偏好进而影响雌性的携抱偏好。

In order to understand factors influencing the development of laterality in maternal cradling behavior and neonate nipple preference of Qinling golden monkeys （Rhinopithecus roxellana）,we collected behavioral data using scan sampling from 32 newborn infant-mother pairs. We collected 3 675 samples of neonate nipple preference and 3 661 samples of maternal cradling laterality. We calculated a lateral bias index （LBI） by subtracting the number of left-sided observations （L） from the number of right-sided observations （R） and dividing by the total number of observations,i.e. （R-L/（R＋L）. We found a left-side group-level preference of maternal cradling in primiparous females （t（6） = -3.890,P= 0.008）,and a significant left-side nipple group-level preference in infants who were born to primiparous females （t（6） = -3.731,P= 0.010）. We found no group-level preference direction among multiparous females,（neonate nipple preference：t（24） = 0.854,P= 0.402; maternal cradling laterality：t（24）= 1.955,P= 0.062）. Moreover,most （8 of 9） females differed in their direction of maternal cradling laterality among successive procreating periods （N1=8,N2=1,P= 0.039）. Our results suggest that experience may affect neonate nipple preference and thus affect maternal cradling laterality in this species.