RNA干扰在肺癌基因治疗中的应用进展

Application progress of RNA interference in gene therapy of lung cancer

RNA干扰是近几年在基因表达调控领域的重大发现，是一种经济、快捷、高效的抑制基因表达的技术手段。目前在全球，肺癌发病率呈逐年上升趋势，近10余年来已成为癌症死亡原因之首。肺癌的治疗方法中，靶向基因治疗成为研究热点。RNA干扰作为基因治疗的强大工具，可通过有效沉默原癌基因、细胞凋亡相关基因、细胞周期相关基因、生长因子以及耐药基因等，达到抑制肺癌细胞生长、诱导肺癌细胞凋亡、增强其对化疗或放疗的敏感性的目的。RNA干扰已经广泛应用于肺癌的基因治疗，发挥其明显的抗癌作用。

RNA interference is a major discovery in the field of the regulation of gene expression in recent years. It is an economic, fast, and efficient technological means in inhibiting gene expression. The incidence of lung cancer has been increasing year by year all over the world. In the last ten years, it has been the first cause of cancer deaths. In the treatment of lung cancer, the targeted gene therapy has become a research hotspot. As a powerful tool for gene therapy,RNA interference can inhibit cancer cell growth, induce apoptosis in lung cancer cells, and enhance their sensitivity to chemotherapy or radiotherapy by effectively silencing proto-oncogenes, apoptosis related genes, cell cycle-related genes, growth factors, and drug resistance genes. RNA interference has been widely used in gene therapy of lung cancer,and has a significant anticancer effect.