鄱阳湖流域主要生态系统服务综合监测评估方法

Approaches to Assessing Major Ecosystem Services in the Poyang Lake Basin,China

本文参考千年生态系统评估的方法,建立了鄱阳湖流域生态系统评估的概念框架和指标体系。在已有监测研究开展的基础上,对该区域生态系统服务的定量化评估方法、数据需求及其可获取性进行了探讨。认为利用已有生态系统监测数据,结合模型和替代指标等手段,开展鄱阳湖流域生态系统服务评估是可行的。开展生态系统服务空间分布研究,揭示生态系统服务的动态变化,对生态系统服务评估具有重要意义。同国外流域尺度的研究相比,鄱阳湖流域的生态系统服务监测指标体系不够健全、生态系统监测能力存在差距,且缺乏相应的数据共享机制,这限制了该区域生态系统服务研究的进一步开展。认为应将生态系统服务监测纳入部门常规监测中,开展部门间综合监测研究;将生态系统服务的监测与生态系统功能的研究相结合,加强生态系统新的监测能力;同时建立以流域为平台的生态系统监测评估与运行系统,实现流域范围内数据共享。

Humankind benefits from a broad range of resources and processes that are supplied by natural ecosystems.These benefits are known as ecosystem services such as food and wood supply, adjusting and restoring flood,water and soil conservation,carbon sequestration and biodiversity The Poyang Lake region is generally considered a critical region of a multitude of ecosystem services.Hence,it is essential to examine the status of ecosystem services over there.The United Nations 2004 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment（MA）is a research program that focuses on ecosystem changes over the course of decades,and projecting those changes into the future,which has an enormous influence on the ecosystem service study.In the paper,a conceptual framework and criteria on assessing the ecosystem services over the Poyang Lake basin were established based on the approach of MA.Ecosystem services were evaluated on the basis of data obtained from existing monitoring sites.It was found that 1）it is feasible to evaluate ecosystem services in the Poyang river basin by taking advantage of existing monitoring data in combination with relevant methods and indices;and 2）it is meaningful to investigate spatial distributions and dynamic changes in ecosystem services.In comparison with related studies on international river basins,the study here can just be effective over the Poyang river basin.Since the monitor index system was not well performed,the monitoring capability of ecosystem services was found to be relatively lower than that of the United State and United Kingdom.It is also suggested that the data sharing mechanism over the study area has not been well established.Some suggestions are given as follows.Monitoring of ecosystem services should be shifted into sector conventional monitoring, with inter-sector comprehensive research also being involved.The monitoring of ecosystem services can be integrated with the studies of ecosystem services functions.In addition,monitoring capability should be further improved by using new technologies and methodologies.It is also indicated that an operation system to monitor and assess ecosystem services and an effective data sharing mechanism should be built by taking a river basin as a basic unit.