城市土地集约利用变化影响因素研究——以武汉市为例

Factors Influencing Change in Urban Land Intensive Use: A Case Studyof Wuhan City

提高城市土地集约利用水平是满足城市建设用地供给的重要途径。本文首先从理论上分析了城市土地集约利用变化的影响因素包括供给因素、需求因素以及制度与规划因素;然后利用武汉市1993年-2005年的相关数据,应用主成分回归法进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,经济产出增长、城市非农化水平、全社会固定资产投资、土地增量供给是影响城市土地集约利用变化的重要因素。研究结论认为,选择土地产出率较高的工业用地模式,加快产业结构优化与土地集约利用的相互促进,严格控制城市建设用地增量供给和构建土地集约利用长效机制是提高城市土地集约利用的主要方向。

With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization,land use for buildings and construction in towns,cities and infrastructures has been significantly expanded.Undersupply of land for buildings and construction in urban areas coexists with huge land waste.The contradiction between the scarcity in land resources supply and an ever-increasing demand becomes increasingly pronounced in urban development processes.Thus,the intensive use of land is considered an effective way to mitigate the contradiction under current situations of relatively scarce land resources,a shortage of arable lands with an extensive land use mode.Improving the intensive use of urban land plays a critical role in satisfying demands for lands for city construction.Since the late 1990s,there have been extensive studies on intensive use of land. However,they seemingly focus on analysis and evaluation on the situations of intensive land use and the potentials at that time.To improve the level of intensive urban land use,an insight into major influencing factors is critical and useful.The authors examined factors influencing intensive urban land use in terms of a definition of its level.On the basis of analysis of factors affecting changes in intensive urban land use,such as supply and demand,policies and planning as well as relevant data of Wuhan City during the period 1993 to 2005,the authors first derived the evaluation figures of the intensive land use of Wuhan City with the principle component analysis（PCA） through developing an index evaluation system,then examined such figures to make an attempt to explain the multicollinearity among variables,and finally explored the influence exerted on the intensive land use by a variety of factors with the principle component regressive analysis.Results indicated that：1）increases in industrial output,non-agricultural level of cities,general investment on fixed asset and the increment of land supply were found to be key factors affecting intensive urban land use;2）restructuring and upgrading of urban industrial slightly improved the intensive urban land use;and 3）urban land policies showed limited effects on enhancing intensive urban land use.It is suggested that improvement of intensive urban land use can be achieved by selecting the industry mode of land use having higher land yields,accelerating the mutual promotion between optimization of industrial structure and intensive land use,strictly controlling land increment supply for urban construction and establishing a long-term mechanism of intensive land use.