论明代论辨文的时代特征

The Epoch Characteristics of Apologies in Ming Dynasty

明代论辨文在内容指向上,强调自创新意,翻新出奇,表达与众不同的见解,具有鲜明的主体性;在论证方式上,偏重执一而论,明辨是非,发挥势如破竹的气势,具有深刻的思辨性;在表达方法上,喜好引古证今,横说竖说,形成抑扬详赡的风格,具有强烈的感染性。在这三方面时代特征中,研精一理而师心独见的主体性最能体现明代论辨文作家对自我价值的肯定、崇尚和张扬。明代论辨文作家往往极力在畅所欲言的议论之中,表达自身独特的思想,从而使论辨文发挥独特的文化功能,这就赋予明代论辨文以深刻的思想价值和丰厚的文化价值。

There are three characteristics of the apologies in Ming Dynasty.The first is distinct subjectivity that lays emphasis on self-innovation in content.The second is concerned with argumentation style：It bears a speculative nature with profundity,tending to focus on one particular point to argue for the right and wrong to enhance the strength of momentum.The third is of rhetoric,that is,a preference for quotations and thorough analysis,which has powerful impact effects.Of these three,the subjectivity,characterized with elaborateness and originality,is the most representative of Ming＇s apologists for the approval,advocateship,and publicity of their self values.In fact,they usually express their unique ideas in the extreme cases of speaking their minds freely.This is a way to bring into play the peculiar cultural function of apology,and it has an in-depth ideological meaning and abundant cultural significance.