人类学视野下的回族民间故事多元文化背景研究——以西安回族民间故事为例

A Study of the Multi-cultural Background of the Hui Nationality’s Folklore in Terms of Anthropology——Exemplification of the Hui Folklore in Xi’an

西安回族历史传统社区经堂故事的来源大致有三种:一是"经典"故事,二是"圣人"故事,三是"教门"故事。其中,许多显迹故事都与苏菲老人家的修行有关。精怪故事大体分四种:一是"蝶乌子"的故事,二是"财贝"的故事,三是动物成精的故事,四是"造金"的故事。笑话故事很多是未过滤的汉族民间故事,历史传说故事有浓郁的民族特色和地域文化特色。西安回族民间故事有多元文化的背景,但就总体而言,与汉文化相比,伊斯兰文化的因素一般还是占主导地位,因为这涉及回族传统文化的信仰导向。

Mosque stories in the historical traditional Hui communities in Xi＇an fall into three groups, including ＂classical＂ stories, ＂saga＂ stories and ＂religious＂ stories. Many miraculous stories of them are concerned with the Old Man Sophe’s asceticism. Stories of spirits are generally classified into four types, that is, stories of Wuzi the butterfly, stories of the property shell, stories of animals converted into spirits and stories of making gold. Many humorous stories are borrowed folk tales of the Han nationality without polishing while historical legends are characteristic of the Hui nationality and regional culture. Multicultural as they are, folk tales of the Hui nationality in Xi＇an contain Islam culture as the dominant factor, which shows the orientation of the traditional worship of the Hui people.