殷周金文中的赐予义动词

Verbs in the Sense of Granting in the Inscriptions on Bronze Objects in the Yin and the Zhou Dynasties

殷周金文因其特定内容的关系,表示赐予义的动词数量较多,计有赏、赐、贶、釐、饋、齎、贿、赠、畀、舍、授、稟、遗、降、绥、宾、令(命)、休、惠、、匄、↑诸词,构成了一个丰富的同义词系统。这些词在出现频率、出现时间、具体词义、用法等方面都表现出较为明显的特点。对其进行全面调查探讨,对了解殷周金文乃至上古汉语同义词的应用情况将有所裨益。

Owing to their particular contents, the Inscriptions on Bronze Objects contained large numbers of verbs in the sense of granting, such as reward, grant, bribe, present, donate, award, receive, bequeath, entertain, bestow, congratulate and give, which form a rich system of synonyms. These verbs show obvious distinctions in frequency and time of occurrence, specific senses and usages. A comprehensive investigation of these verbs will be beneficial to the use of synonyms in the Inscriptions on Bronze Objects and in classic Chinese as well.