人外周血初始B细胞和记忆性B细胞亚群的特征和功能

Properties and functions of naive and memory B cells in human peripheral blood

B淋巴细胞是免疫系统的重要免疫成份，主要功能是介导体液免疫应答。在人外周血中，按照B淋巴细胞的发育阶段及功能的不同，可将B淋巴细胞分为初始成熟B细胞、记忆B细胞和浆细胞。记忆B细胞又可分为IgM记忆B细胞和类型转换的记忆B细胞。近年来的研究表明，B淋巴细胞的亚群远比人想象中的复杂，因此对人B细胞各亚群的起源、发育和功能进行更深入的研究，将有助于治疗自身免疫性疾病，在慢性感染性疾病的治疗过程中找到新的策略，并指导研发安全有效的疫苗。

B lymphocytes are of important immunological component in immune system which are capa- ble of mediating effective humoral immune response. According to developmental stages and functional differ- ences, there are mainly three subsets of B cells in human peripheral blood including naive mature B cells, memory B cells and plasma cells. Memory B cells can be further divided into IgM memory B cells and switched memory B cells. However, recent studies indicate that B-cell subsets are more complicated than previously thought. Therefore, further understanding should be focused on the origin, development and specific function of B-cell subsets in human, which will be a great benefit to the development of therapeutic strategies to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as well as to the design of effective and safe vaccines.