棉纤维颜色与品质性状杂种优势关系研究

Analysis on the Relationship between Heterosis of Quality Traits Fiber Colors

利用白、绿、棕、深棕4种纤维色泽种质共7种类型的杂交组合,分析了纤维色泽和品质性状的表现差异,以及品质性状杂种优势与纤维色泽深浅的相关性。结果表明:深棕色与绿色组合的平均超亲优势最强,白色与深棕色、深棕色与绿色组合的平均中亲优势表现较好。纤维长度、比强度和麦克隆值等性状亲本差绝对值与超亲优势的简单相关系数均达极显著相关,但其中亲优势则均未达显著水平。纤维色泽与纤维长度、比强度的超亲和中亲优势的简单相关系数分别为-0.3601和-0.4487、-0.3978和-0.3895,均达极显著水平;纤维色泽与F1纤维长度达极显著相关,其简单相关系数为-0.6045。育种上,在保证深纤维色泽前提下提高纤维品质,可利用深棕色与绿色、绿色与绿色和棕色与绿色组合。同时利用杂种优势可以达到同步改良彩色棉的纤维长度和比强度等性状的目的。但双亲纤维色泽越深,越不利于对彩色棉进行纤维品质的改良。

Seven kinds of hybrid combinations were made based on four kinds of color fiber lines including white,green,brown,dark brown.The differences of fiber color and the fiber quality traits,the correlation between fiber color and the heterosis of the fiber quality traits were analyzed.The results showed that： the average super-parent heterosis between the cross of the dark brown and green line was strongest.The average mid-parent heterosis in the combinations between the white and dark brown,dark brown and green lines were better.The correlation coefficients between super-parent heterosis and their parents in absolute value of fiber length,strength,micronaire traits were very significantly different.But the correlation between mid-parent hetero-sis and their parents were not different in a significant level.The correlation coefficients between the fiber color and fiber length,strength traits,super-parent and mid-parent heterosis were-0.3601 and-0.4487,-0.3978 and-0.3895,respectively,all were very significant.The correlation coefficient of fiber color and the F1 fiber length was-0.6045,significant at 0.01 levels.In breed-ing,the heterosis can be used to improve fiber length and strength simultaneously.The crosses of dark brown and green,green and green,brown and green combinations can be used for improving fiber quality with dark color fiber.The darker the fiber col-ors of two parents were,the weaker the super-parent and mid-parent heterosis of fiber length and strength traits were.So it is dif-ficult to improve the fiber quality of color cotton.