脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2在颈动脉粥样硬化和缺血性卒中中的作用

The roles of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in carotid artery atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke

脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2（lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 Lp-PLA2）是磷脂酶A2超家族的一个亚型，主要由巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞产生。Lp-PLA2选择性水解低密度脂蛋白颗粒表面的氧化型磷脂，产生溶血磷脂胆碱和氧化型游离脂肪酸。Lp-PLA2表达于动脉粥样硬化斑块和不稳定斑块纤维帽内的巨噬细胞。研究表明，缺血性卒中患者血浆Lp—PLA2活性显著增高，而Lp-PLA2可能成为预测缺血性脑血管事件的独立危险因素。选择性Lp-PLA2抑制剂可减轻炎症反应，增强斑块稳定性，抑制动脉粥样硬化斑块形成，有可能成为抗动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的一类新型药物。

The lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 （Lp-PLA2）, a subtype of the phospholipase A2 superfamily, is produced primarily by macrophages and lymphocytes. Lp-PLA2 specifically hydrolyzes oxidized phospholipids on oxidized low-density lipoprotein particles, resulting in production of lysophosphatidylcholine and oxidized fatty acids. Lp-PLA2 is expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and in macrophages within a fibrous cap of unstable plaque. Studies have shown that the plasma Lp-PLA2 activity increases significantly in patients with ischemic stroke, and Lp-PLA2 may become an independent risk factor for predicting ischemic cerebrovascular events. The selective Lp-PLA2 inhibitor can reduce the inflammatory response, enhance the stability of plaques, and inhibit the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, and may become a new class of drugs for preventing the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.