怀孕早期电磁辐射暴露对胚胎停育影响研究

Effect of early pregnancy electromagnetic field exposure on embryo growth ceasing

目的探索怀孕早期电磁辐射暴露对胚胎停育的影响。方法在排除母体染色体异常、母婴排斥和生殖器官畸形等引起的胚胎停育后,将经临床确诊为胚胎停育行人工流产的孕妇作为病例组;应用1:1匹配病例-对照研究方法,选择与病例同年在同一医院就诊、年龄相匹配(±2岁)、足月分娩正常新生儿的产妇作为对照。共调查了138对在怀孕早期接触电磁辐射等情况,应用多因素条件Logistic逐步回归进行分析。结果在单因素分析中,病例组经常看电视、经常使用手机、每周使用复印机≥6min、使用微波炉以及环境中有电磁辐射设备的比例显著高于对照组;多因素分析中,在调整了其他危险因素的作用后,怀孕早期经常看电视和使用手机的孕妇发生胚胎停育的相对危险性分别是不使用者的6.82倍(95%CI:1.86～25.08)和6.02倍(95%CI:1.92～18.91)。结论怀孕早期经常看电视和经常使用手机可能显著增加孕妇发生胚胎停育的相对危险性,尤其是有胚胎停育史的高危孕妇。建议孕妇孕早期尽量避免长时间使用电器,或在使用中注意离开一定的距离,进行安全防护。

Objective To study the effect of electromagnetic exposure during the first three months of pregnancy on embryo growth ceasing.Methods The cases were defined as embryo growth ceasing,exclude the cases caused by maternal chromosomal abnormalities,maternal and child exclusion and genital malformations.The controls were selected in the termly delivery puerperas with normal newborn in the same hospital and matched by age（± 2 years）.The analysis was conduct based on the interview of 138 embryo growth ceasing cases and the matched control（age ± 2 years） by using multifactor conditional Logistic regression analysis.Results The proportion of watching TV,using mobile telephone,using copycat ≥ 6 minutes /week or microwave oven,electromagnetic equipment near the dwell or work place,e.g.high voltage line ≤100m,switch room≤50m and launching tower≤ 500m in the cases is significantly higher than the controls in single factor analysis.But after adjusted the effect of other risk factors by multifactor analysis,only watching TV and using mobile telephone during the first term of pregnancy were associated with risk of embryo growth ceasing.The odds ratios of these risk factors were 6.82（95% CI：1.86-25.08） and 6.02（95% CI：1.92-18.91） respectively.Conclusion Watching TV and using mobile telephone during the first term of pregnancy maybe increase the risk of embryo growth ceasing significantly,in particular the high-risk pregnant women with embryo growth ceasing history.Suggest pregnant woman do not use the appliances for a long time or do the safety protection when using the appliances,e.g.distance protection.