“第三种人”论争与“左联”组织理论的转向——从“左联”的宗派主义、关门主义问题谈起

The Transformation of the League's Organization Theory in the Third Category Debate:Researched from Close-ism and Sectarianism

近年来左翼文学重新成为研究的热点之一,而如何认识"左联"历史上的宗派主义和关门主义仍然是一个关键的课题。关于"左联"与"第三种人"的论争,以往多是看作"左联"宗派主义和关门主义的典型表现。本文从历史梳理中发现,其实问题要比通常的认识复杂,"左联"一方面对"第三种人"有尖锐批评,另一方面也因应"第三种人"理论而作出了一些调整,这种调整事实上为"左联"组织理论的转向做了准备。文章认为"左联"的组织理论有过从"同路人"转向"统一战线"的趋向,而"第三种人"论争就在其中起到过一定的推动作用。

The studies in Left-wing literature in recent years become one of the hot once again. But how to recognize sectarianism and the close-ism in the history of the league is still a question. In the past, most of us thought the third category debate as an typical example of the sectarianism and close-ism. In this paper, I found it is much complex than the usual understanding. On the one hand, the league had sharply criticized on the third category. On the other hand, they made some adjustments to their opponent＇s theory. This adjustment in fact prepared for the transformation of the league＇ s organization. According to the article, the organization theory had a transformed trend that from the ＂fellow-traveler＂ to the ＂united front＂, while the third category Debate played a certain role at this time.