私营企业政治资本与国有银行借贷的实证研究

An Empirical Study on Political Capital and the Accession to Loan from State-owned Banks of Chinese Private Enterprises

本文以2006年"全国私营企业调查"数据中有借贷情况存在的私营企业为样本,从个体层面和组织层面研究私营企业政治资本对私营企业借贷能力的影响,即在同一所有制内分析私营企业从国有银行借贷能力差异的原因。研究发现:(1)私营企业从国有银行借贷的可能性具有显著的差异;(2)在个体层面,私营企业主的政治身份、党政国企经历有利于私营企业从国有银行获得借贷;(3)在组织层面,改制收购而来的私营企业相对于非改制收购而来的企业更易于获得国有银行的借贷;(4)个体层面的企业政治资本对于从国有银行进行借贷显得更为重要;(5)国有银行借贷时更加注重企业现有的质量(规模、企业年龄)和企业主现有的政治身份。

Drawing on the national survey on Chinese private firms in 2006, this paper examines the influence of political capital of firms（personal level and organizational level） on the origin of firm loan, i.e. , this paper explores the reason of different capability of loaning from state-owned banks in private firms. It is found that, the probability of access to loan from state-owned bank is completely different according to firm political capital. On personal level, firm owner＇ s political status and experiences in government or state-owned company are good information and useful for attaining loan from state banks; on organizational level, firms which are transformed or acquired from collective or state-owned can get loan from state bank much easier than those born private firms. In addition, political capital in personal level is more im- portant than that ~n organizational level for obtaining loan; when providing loan, state-own banks have been paying much attention to the political status of firm owner and firm quality like firm size or firm age. In general, this paper proposes and verifies the reason that why Chinese private firms have different treatments from state banks in transitional economy.