西北少数民族中小学生1995和2005年营养状况比较

Nutritional Status of Minority Students in Northwest China in 1995 and 2005

目的了解西北地区少数民族学生营养状况的特点、规律及趋势,为少数民族学生营养状况的改善提供参考。方法利用1995年和2005年西北地区少数民族中小学生身高标准体重分布的数据,对土族、撒拉族、回族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族和柯尔克孜族学生的营养状况进行统计分析。结果 6个少数民族学生群体营养不良、低体重检出率多数出现下降,营养不良易感人群主要在中学阶段,女生更为严重;超重、肥胖检出率呈现全面增长,男生的易感人群主要在小学阶段,女生易感年龄段为10～15岁。结论应积极开展少数民族学生营养健康教育,合理营养,平衡膳食,加强体育锻炼,以改善少数民族学生的营养状况。

Objective To study the characteristics rules and trends of the nutrition status development, to offer conference for improving nu- tritional status of minority students. Methods According to the data of height and weight of minority students in the northwesi between 1995 and 2005, the nutritional status of Tu, Sala, Hui, Uygur, Kazak and Kirgiz students. Results Among those students, the malnutrition and deteeting rates of low body mass decreased significantly, and the easily-infected people of malnutrition were in middle school period and girls were more serious- ly. The overweight and detecting rates of obesity of all students increased rapidly, the easily-infected people of boys were in primary school period, and girls were between 10 and 15 years old. Conclusion Some activities on nutrition education should be taken for students from minority area, to enhance the dietary and improve the minority students＂ nutrition status.