花生优异种质的分子标记与遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Peanut Genotypes Based on Molecular Markers

【目的】通过对花生遗传多样性的研究,为花生育种提供理论依据。【方法】运用ISSR和SRAP2种标记对24份重要花生种质资源的遗传多样性进行分析。【结果】32条ISSR引物中的13条引物共扩增出390条条带,其中多态性条带有293条,75.13%的条带可以揭示材料之间的遗传差异;252对SRAP引物中有229对引物为有效引物,共扩增出5827条可读的条带,其中多态性条带为3966条,平均每对引物可扩增17.32条条带。利用2种分子标记计算的相似系数的变化范围为0.60—0.80,将24份种质按系统聚类分析可以分为7组,按主坐标分析可以分为8组,从分子水平上解释了这些种质资源的遗传多样性水平和亲缘关系。【结论】ISSR和SRAP是非常有效、稳定和可靠的分子标记,可为花生育种的亲本利用及遗传连锁图的构建提供重要的科学依据。

【Objective】 In order to provide theoretical information for peanut breeding,an experiment was carried out to study the genetic relationship and genetic diversity of peanut germplasms.【Method】 32 ISSR and 252 SRAP markers were used to amplify the genomic DNA isolated from 24 peanut genotypes,detecting the inter-specific genetic variation.【Result】 The result showed that three hundred and ninety DNA fragments were amplified,by using thirteen primers screened out of 32 ISSR primers,among which 293 DNA bands were polymorphic and 75.13 percent of the bands can reveal the genetic diversity between these germplasms.There were 5 827 DNA fragments were the visual bands using 252 SRAP markers,and the polymorphic bands were 3 966 with an average of 17.32 alleles per primer.The genetic similarity （GS） indexes among the 24 peanut genotypes were calculated based on the data from these markers.The value of GS varied from 0.60 to 0.80.The results of UPGMA indicated that the majority of 24 accessions could be divided into seven or eight groups,and most genotypes were clustered by market types.【Conclusion】 It is no doubt that ISSR and SRAP markers are very valuable to analyze DNA polymorphism and genetic relationship in peanut germplasm.