饲料中适宜的动植物蛋白比与河蟹蟹种生长及性早熟的相关

Suitable Ratio Between Animal and Vegetable Protein in Formulated Pellet and Its Corelation with Growth and Pre maturation of Young Crab

配制总蛋白量为３５％，以进口鱼粉作动物蛋白源，豆粕为植物蛋白源，添加少量菜粕、棉仁粕及必需的复合维生素、无机混合盐组成不同动、植物蛋白比的饲料，采用体重１．４３～１．４８ｇ的仔蟹，饲养１１９ｄ。结果表明，配合饲料中动物蛋白占饲料中总蛋白的３０％（鱼粉含量为１８％），动、植物蛋白比为１∶２．３，幼蟹的生长处于最优水平，组间差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），且性早熟比例明显低于动物蛋白含量高的饲料（Ｐ＜０．０５）。因而认为河蟹蟹种阶段不宜投喂动物蛋白含量过高的饲料，否则不仅抑制其生长，而且增加性早熟比例，明显影响蟹种的质量和养殖的经济效益。

Experimental diets with different animal and vegetable protein ratio and a total protein amount of 35% were designed to feed young crab with a body weight of 1.43～1.48 g for 119 days. Imported fish meal was used as animal protein source and bean cake as vegetable protein source. A little rape seed cake, cotton seed cake and necessary vitamin premix, minerals were also added in the diets. Results showed that when animal protein ( 18% of which was fish meal ) accounted for 30% of total protein amount in diets and animal, vegetable protein ratio was 1∶2.3,best growth of young crab was observed and the growth among testing groups differed significantly ( P<0.01 ). Pre maturation ratio was obvionsly lower than that of the diet with higher amount of animal protein ( P<0.05 ). Therefore, its suggested not to feed young crab with the diets with too higher amount of animal protein. Otherwise the growth of young crab would not only be restrained, but its pre maturation ratio be increased as well, resulting in obvious decrease of young crab quality and loss of economic benefits.