植被恢复土壤抗蚀性响应及其评价研究

Soil Anti-erodibility and Assessment of Different Vegetation Restoration

以农地为对照,对黄土高原西部地区陕西千阳天然次生林侧柏(B),20年(C20)和5年(C5)生刺槐林,撂荒5年(H5)、苜蓿草地(M)5种不同植被恢复模式土壤结构特性及抗蚀性进行研究。结果表明,与对照相比,不同植被恢复模式土壤结构系数、土壤有机质含量、水稳性团聚体含量提高。以模糊隶属度函数模型对研究区域抗蚀性定量评价,不同植被类型土壤抗蚀性指数分别为:侧柏0.92,20年刺槐0.82,5年刺槐0.62,5年撂荒地0.49,苜蓿0.46,农地0.20。土壤抗蚀性大小顺序为:侧柏>刺槐20>刺槐5>荒5>苜蓿>农地。通过不同的植被恢复,土壤抗蚀性比对照有了明显提高,土壤生态功能得到改善。

Soil anti-erodibility under five vegetation restoration types including Platycladus orientalis（B）, 20-year Robinia pseudoacacia（C20）, 5-year Robinia pseudoacacia（C5）, 5-year abandoned land（H5）, Medicago safiva （M） were studied in Qianyang County of Shaanxi Province which in the western Loss Plateau, a farmland was taken as control. The results showed that soil anti-erodibility was improved obviously compared to farmland. Soil organic matter content, water-stable aggregates content, aggregate degrees, structure coefficient increased significantly, while dispersion ratio and percentage of destroyed structure decreased. Soil organic matter content, water-stable aggregates content, aggregate degree and dispersion coefficient were used to evaluate the soil anti-erodibility quantitatively. The order of anti-erodibility with different vegetation restoration types was： B〉C20〉C5〉H5〉M. In a word, soil anti-erodibility under restored vegetation is better than that under farmland.