利用DGGE-cloning技术分析农肥和化肥施用对黑土细菌多样性的影响

Analysis of Bacterial Diversity by DGGE-cloning Method in Fertilized Black Soil

本试验以东北黑土为研究对象,采用DGGE-cloning测序技术,研究了不同施肥制度和肥料用量对黑土土壤细菌多样性的影响。本实验共设六个处理,分别为:对照,施用农肥低量,施用农肥高量,施用化肥低量,施用化肥高量和农肥和化肥1:1的处理。试验得出的DGGE图谱分析表明,施用较高量的农肥处理中土壤细菌16SrDNA条带数、多样性指数及均匀度指数均要高于其他处理,聚类分析显示,施用化肥的土壤与其他处理相比土壤细菌群落结构差异较大,相似性只有53%,说明施用化肥与施用农肥比较,可以显著的改变土壤细菌的群落结构。从DGGE凝胶上切取9条带进行DGGE-cloning测序,结果表明,施用农肥和化肥均可对土壤的细菌群落结构产生影响,且施肥制度对细菌群落结果的影响要大于施肥量,施用农肥可以提高细菌多样性。

The DGGE-cloning sequencing method was used to study the bacteria diversity under different fertilization treatments in Black Soil in Songnen Plain. DGGE fingerprint indicated that the number of bands of bacterial 16SrDNA, the bacterial diversity indexes and homogeneous degrees indexes in the treatment of higher application amount of manure fertilizer were all higher than those of other treatments. Cluster analysis demonstrated that fingerprint of application of chemical fertilizer were different from others with similarity being only 53%, which indicated that chemical fertilizer is better than manure fertilizer in changing the bacterial communities in the soil. The nine bands are selected from DGGE gel and DGGE-cloning sequenced, the results showed that application of manure and chemical fertilizer both have effect on the community structure of soil bacteria, and fertilization systems more than fertilization rate. And application of manure fertilizer could increase the diversity of bacteria in the Black Soil.