枞阳大山不同演替阶段群落特征研究

Community Characteristics of Different Successive Stages in Dashan Village of Zongyang County

按森林进展演替方向从次生灌丛到马尾松阔叶落叶混交林,将该地区森林群落划分为3个演替阶段,即次生灌丛(Ⅰ)、马尾松纯林(Ⅱ)和马尾松阔叶树混交林(Ⅲ)。采用"以空间换时间"的方法,对枞阳大山3个不同演替阶段群落结构特征和植物多样性进行调查分析。结果表明:①该地群落共出现植物42种(包括乔、灌、草),分属23科38属。②群落从次生灌丛到马尾松阔叶树混交林演替趋势明显。从丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener指数来看,乔木层3个演替阶段差异显著,灌木层部分差异显著,草本层差异不大。从均匀度指数来看,乔木层马尾松纯林阶段与针阔混交林阶段差异极显著,灌木和草本层差异不显著。研究表明,枞阳大山天然次生林处于以常绿树种为主的马尾松林向以落叶树种为主的化香+枫香+麻栎+马尾松混交林群系演替阶段,处于相对稳定的进展演替状态。

Taking the direction of progress by forest succession from the secondary broad-leaved deciduous shrub to pine mixed forest,forest community in the region were divided into three successional stages,that were secondary scrub（Ⅰ）,Pinus massoniana pure forest（Ⅱ）and cauda equina pine broadleaved mixed forest（Ⅲ）.Adopted the approach of ＂space for time＂,structural features and plant diversity of three different successional stages were investigated and analyzed in Dashan coutry of Zongyang town.Survey showed that： ①there were 42 kinds of plants（including tree,shrub and grass）in the land type community,belonging to 23 families and 38 genus.② community from the secondary mixed broad-leaved shrub to pine succession was evident.From the view of richness index and Shannon-Wiener index,significant differences were showed in three successional stages of tree layer,shrub layer had some significant difference,but grass layer had no difference.From the evenness index,tree layer of pine pure forest stages and stages of conifer-significant were significantly different;shrub and herb layer was not significant.Studies showed that Zongyang natural secondary forest in Dashan country was in the successional stage,from evergreen trees dominated by pine forest to deciduous trees mainly of incense＋ Liquidambar＋oak＋pine mixed forest formations,and it was in a relatively stable progressive succession status.