大豆中皂甙的分布及其变化规律的研究

Studies on the distribution and change of soyasaponins in soybean

通过测定大豆中皂甙的含量分布，得到的结果为：胚芽（１．８２％～１．９８％）＞绿叶（０．７２％～０．８４％）＞全粒种子（０．３１％～０．３６％）＞豆节（０．３０％～０．３４％）＞子叶（０．２４％～０．３０％）＞侧根（０．１９％～０．２１％）＞豆荚（０．１４％～０．１６％）＞主根和豆茎（０．０６％～０．０９％）＞种皮（未检出）；从品种上来看，全粒种子皂甙的含量是青刀豆（０．４０％～０．４４％）＞缸豆（０．３７％～０．４０％）＞赤豆（０．３５％～０．３９％）＞黄大豆（０．３１％～０．３５％）＞黑豆（０．２３％～０．２８％）＞绿豆（０．０７％～０．０９％）；同品种不同生长期的不同器官的皂甙含量呈现规律性的变化；不同区域的同品种大豆种子的皂甙含量存在差异；不同播种期的各器官皂甙含量也存在差异。

By way of determining the content and distribution of soyasaponins in soybean,we have obtained the result:the plumule(1 82%～1 98%,soyasaponins content)>the green leaves(0 72%～0 84%)>the seed(0 31%～0 36%)>the joint of soybean(0 30%～0 34%)>the cotyledon(0 24%～0 30%)>the lateral root(0 19%～0 21%)>the pod(0 14%～0 16%)>the main root and stem(0 06%～0 09%)>the skin of seed(undetermined) According to the content of wole seed in defferent varieties,red bean(0 34%～0 39%)>soybea(0 31%～0 36%)>Glycine sojka(0 23%～0 28%);the soyasaponins content of the whole seed is most highest in early ripening stage 3～7days;the soyasaponin content of the leaf in middle heading time is most highest,and in dead ripe stage is most lowest