假单胞菌Nwu1-mu对陕北石油污染土壤的生物修复作用研究

Bioremediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil in Northwest of China by Pseudomonas sp. Nwu1-mu

选用假单胞菌Nwu1-mu对陕北地区石油污染土壤进行生物修复。通过检测修复过程中土壤样品的菌体生长数量、脱氢酶活性、表面张力和石油烃及其组分降解率综合考察了菌株对石油烃类物质的降解作用。结果表明,在不添加营养物质的前提下假单胞菌Nwu1-mu在60d内对石油污染土壤中的石油烃类物质降解率达到了86.5%,尤其对石油烃中的C24～C28和>C28组分有突出的降解效果;菌株产脱氢酶和表面活性剂显示出了良好的性能,在石油烃类物质的降解过程中均起着关键的促进作用。假单胞菌Nwu1-mu显示出的强大的生物修复潜力及其不依赖于外来营养源的特性,为黄土高原的土壤生态环境修复提供了新的解决思路。

To study characteristics and mechanism of petroleum hydrocarbons degradation during the bioremediation course,Pseudomonas sp.Nwu1-mu was used on bioremediation to the petroleum-contaminated soi（lPCS）from the northern of Shaanxi Province,China.The degradation effect of petroleum hydrocarbons in PCS was investigated through detecting quantity of strains,dehydrogenase activity,surface tension,degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons（TPH）and its constituents in bioremediation course.Degradative efficiency of Nwu1-mu to TPH finally reached 86.5% within 60 days without additional nutrients,while significant degradation was made to the petroleum hydrocarbons constituents of C24～C28 and C28.Dehydrogenase and biosurfactant produced by Nwu1-mu played important roles in petroleum hydrocarbon degradation,both of them showed effective acceleration during the remediation course.The Pseudomonas sp.Nwu1-mu shows remarkably petroleum hydrocarbons degradation characteristics while using PCS as the only nutrient source.A great potential for bioremediation on petroleum-contaminated soil of loess plateau can be expected by Nwu1-mu.