国际组织中同行评估制度及其在环境领域的应用

Peer Review System in International Organization and Its Application in the Field of Environmental Management

同行评估是对国际组织内各个国家的绩效进行评估的技术方法,是鼓励国家间政策对话、提高信息透明度、提高各国管理能力的有效手段,目前已在多个国际组织内得到应用,其中在OECD的应用最为广泛和成熟。本文分析了同行评估的目标、基础和特点,并以同行评估在环境领域的应用为例,对评估的参与方、步骤、内容和发展等进行详解介绍。最后简要介绍环境绩效评估在中国的应用,并对中国参与同行评估提出建议。

Peer review is an effective method to assess each national participant＇s performance in an international organiza- tion, which could encourage dialogue within members and non - member countries of the international organization, achieve a high degree of transparency as well as improve countries capacity. Peer review has been applied in many international orgY, in particular in OECD. The paper analyses the target, basis and feature of the peer review, and presents the actors, procedures and the future of peer review in OECD and the application in the field of environmental management as the case study. The paper briefly introduces environmental performance application in China, and gives some suggestion to join in more peer review.