组织型转谷氨酰胺酶在肾间质纤维化过程中的作用及机制研究进展

Progress of function and mechanism of tissue transglutaminase in the process of tubulointerstitial fibrosis

肾小管间质纤维化几乎是所有慢性肾脏疾病进行性发展的共同通路，是导致慢性肾功能衰竭的病理学基础。近年来，有关组织型转谷氨酰胺酶（tissue transglutaminase，tTC）在肾间质纤维化形成过程中的生物学作用越来越受到关注。tTG是转谷氨酰胺酶家族成员之一，是一种Ca^2＋依赖的具有转酰胺基作用的酶。研究证实，tTG可以通过催化蛋白分子内或分子间形成难降解的ε-（γ-谷氨酰基）赖氨酸肽键使细胞外基质蛋白交联而过度沉积，在肾间质纤维化中发挥重要作用。

Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the final common pathway of most progressive renal diseases, and also is the pathological basis that leading to chronic renal failure. In recent years, the biological effect of tissue transglutaminase in the progressive tubulointerstifium fibrosis attracts more and more attention. Tissue transglutaminase belongs to a group of calcium-dependent mammalian enzymes that have the capacity to irreversibly cross-link proteins through the formation of ε-（γ-glutamyl）lysine bonds, and lead to the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, then functions markedly in the tubulointerstitial fibrosis.