短期运动和营养对肥胖少年部分代谢指标的影响

Effects of Short-term Aerobic Exercise and Nutrition on Physical Fitness and Metabolism of Obesity Adolescents

目的探讨不同干预手段对肥胖少年体质和部分代谢指标的影响。方法对94名超重和肥胖城区中学生分别实施为期10周的单纯营养、单纯运动以及运动结合营养的干预,比较受试者体质指标和部分代谢指标。结果运动、营养和运动结合营养干预均可降低体重指数、脂肪重量、体脂百分比,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平下降。单纯运动组总胆固醇(TC)降低,空腹血清胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰岛β细胞功能(HOMA-β)升高;单纯营养组TC、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)降低;运动结合营养组TC、LDL-C降低,FINS、HOMA-β升高。结论 10周运动结合营养改善血脂代谢的效果较好;运动、运动结合营养干预可有效改善超重/肥胖少年的胰岛素β细胞的分泌功能;但是3种干预方案对改善HDL-C及胰岛素抵抗的作用均不明显。

Objective To evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise,nutrition or both on physical fitness and metabolism in obesity adolescents.Methods 94 overweight/obese adolescents （12～16 years old） underwent 10 weeks exercise alone,nutrition intervention alone,and exercise combined with nutrition,respectively.The physical and metabolism index were detected before and after intervention.Results The body mass index （BMI）,body fat,body fat% decreased in all the groups.Especially,exercise alone decreased total cholesterol （TC）,increased fasting insulin （FINS）,insulin resistance （HOMA-IR）,and function of β-cells （HOMA-β）.Nutrition alone decreased TC,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）.Exercise combined with nutrition decreased TC and LDL-C,increased FINS and HOMA-β.High-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） tended to decrease in all the groups.Conclusion The aerobic exercise and /or nutrition intervention can improve the lipid metabolism,Exercise can improve function of the β-cell of pancreas.But the effects of exercise and/or nutrition on HDL-C and insulin resistance are not satisfactory.