防控油气犯罪的经济学分析

ECONOMICS OF OIL AND GAS RELATED CRIME PREVENTION

犯罪经济学从一个新的角度来研究犯罪问题,它将犯罪现象模拟为一个经济学意义上的犯罪市场,用新古典微观经济学原理及其工具分析犯罪人、企业、公民在犯罪市场中的活动,进而研究、分析、探讨经济等利益因素与犯罪人意识相互作用的规律及预防、控制犯罪的对策理论,其基本研究方法是以理性经济人假设及相应的个人主义方法论作为基础,以效益原则作为核心衡量标准,以成本-收益分析、均衡分析及边际分析等方法作为基本分析工具,来对犯罪原因及其防控对策问题进行研究。而油气犯罪作为一种伴随经济社会发展的新型犯罪,多数源于行为主体对经济和物质利益的追求,忽视行为对社会、经济和环境的负面影响,对于此种贪利型的犯罪,运用经济学的方法来分析犯罪防控对策无疑是必要且可行的。

Criminal economics studies crimes from a new angle which sees the phenomenon of crime as a market,and analyzes behaviors of criminals,enterprises and citizens in this market based on neoclassical microeconomics,exploring interaction between benefit factors and criminals′ consciousness and crime prevention strategies.Based on the hypothesis of economic man and methodological individualism,such study probes into causes for crimes and prevention strategies with benefit principle as the key criterion,and cost-benefit analysis,equilibrium analysis and marginal analysis as analytical tools.Oil and gas related crimes are mostly caused by a desire for material and economic benefits which exert negative influence on society,economy and environment.Therefore,it is undoubtedly practicable and necessary to analyze such benefit-driven crimes and prevention strategies.